ZIP Code 87532

Española is a city in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States. It was founded as a railroad village some distance from the old Indian town of San Juan de los Caballeros (now renamed Ohkay Owingeh) The city was officially incorporated in 1925. At the time of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 10,495. The city is within the AlbuquerqueSanta FeLas Vegas combined statistical area. It has been called the first capital city in the U.S. and was once the terminus of the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad. It is located on the Rio Grande, which was explored by the Spanish in 1540. The name is a shortened form of Plaza España ('Spanish town'), which likely was to differentiate it from the Tewa pueblo just to the south. The first mayor was chosen in 1907 and the first high school was opened in 1906 in the historic Santa Cruz area, two miles away from downtown Españolas. The town was the headquarters for all the Bond family interests which included over 12 businesses across New Mexico. The railroad closed in 1941 and the city became a suburb of Santa Fe. The high school closed in 1975 after a merger of school districts in the area. Neither the city nor Santa Cruz has a high school that operates in the same school district as the city's high school, which is in Santa Cruz, Colorado. In the 1990s the city was the site of the first Super Bowl football game ever held in the state.

History

Española means 'Spanish woman', and folk history attributes the name to railroad construction workers who named the area after a woman who worked in a small restaurant. Tewa people have lived in the area since the 13th century. The upper reaches of the Rio Grande region was explored by the Spanish in 1540. Don Juan de Oñate was the first to bring settlers here in 1598. Frank Bond and his brother George established the state's largest mercantile and a multimillion dollar wool empire in the 1920s and 30s. The city was the headquarters for all the Bond family interests which included over 12 businesses across New Mexico. With the beginnings of the Manhattan Post-railroad in 1980, many historical buildings and homes were removed and the railroads and the train depot completely vanished. Many locals would become unemployed and would follow the railroad to Santa Fe, Colorado for jobs. Most of the locals who remained would turn to farming as a way of life. As much as nearly 9% of Español's population have been employed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in the 1980s and 1990s, LANL's population has grown to nearly 9%. The city is now home to the New Mexico Museum of Natural History, which was founded by the University of New Mexico in the 1960s. It is also the home of the National Museum of American History, a museum dedicated to the history of the U.S. and the contributions of Native Americans.

Geography

Española is located at 36°07N 106°353W (36.001884, -106.064587). It is in a valley nestled between the Jemez and Sangre de Cristo mountain ranges. July is the hottest month, with an average high of 91 °F or 32.8 °C. The average coolest month is January at 45 °F (7.2 °C) The maximum average precipitation occurs in August at 1.90 inches (48 mm) The Santa Fe CSA (metropolitan area) has the cleanest ozone layer in the country (ranked #1) and cleanest area for 24-hour particle pollution (ranked No. 1) The city has a borderline cool semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk)/cool desert climate (BWk) It is hotter and drier than nearby cities due to relatively lower altitude, lying over 1,300 feet or 400 metres lower than Taos or county seat Tierra Amarilla. It has a total area of 21.9 square kilometers (8.5 sq mi), with 21.7 square kilometers of land and 0.077 sq mi of water, for a total of 0.83%. It is the meeting point of three rivers: the Rio Grande, the Rio Chama, and the Rio Santa Cruz. The highest recorded temperature was 107°F or 41.7 °C in 2003. The lowest recorded temperature in 1971 was 38°F (38.9°C) in 1971.

Demographics

At the census of 2000, there were 9,688 people, 5,751 households, and 4,569 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 67.55% White, 0.58% African American, 2.86% Native American, 0.14% Asian,0.06% Pacific Islander, 25.56% from other races, and 3.25% from two or more races. 84.38% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. The city's median income was $27,144, and the median income for a family was $32,255. Out of the total population, 28.4% of those under the age of eighteen and 15.1% ofThose sixty-five and older were living below the poverty line. The per capita income for the city in 2010 was $14,303, and 16.5% of families were below the Poverty Line. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.08. The median age was thirty-four years. For every 100 females there were 95.3 males. For each 100 females aged eighteen and over, there are 94.6 males. The population density was 1,155.4 people per square mile (446.4/km²). There were 5,107 housing units at an average density of 189.2/square kilometer (489.8/square mile). The city has a population of 10,224.

Economy

The Los Alamos National Laboratory is the largest employer in Española. Retail and eatery chains such as Lowe's, Chili's and GameStop are anchors of a massive shopping square located next to Wal-Mart which came into the city in 1999. Northern New Mexico College has expanded its degree programs and made massive improvements to its campus, adding a new library and a new School of Education. Larger local businesses include Akal Securities Inc, a security company that employees over 500 people. Espanola Public Schools is the 16th largest school district in New Mexico. The city has seen much commercial development on Riverside Drive, the city's secondary main road. It is home to the University of New Mexico, which is the state's only public university. It also has the New Mexico State University, which has an enrollment of over 2,000 students. The town is located on the Rio Grande River, which runs through the center of the city. It was the site of the Battle of the Plains, which took place in 1864. It has been the scene of many battles between the U.S. Army and the Mexican Army, including the Mexican-American War of 1846-1849. The Rio Grande was the scene for the Battle for the Santa Ana River, where the Mexican National Guard was based from 1864-1850. The Battle for New Mexico was fought between the Army and Mexican National Guards from 1849-1851. The battle was the first to be won by the Mexican army.

Plaza De Española

The fountain at Plaza de Española was designed as a replica of the Alhambra. The plaza is home to the Convent Mission, administered by the Episcopal Church. The fountain was designed to look as if it were standing in the middle of the Spanish city of Granada. It is one of the most famous fountains in the world, along with the one at the Plaza de Cumbre in Madrid. It was designed by the same team that designed the fountain at the Spanish capital's Plaza de Arquibancadas in the 19th century.

Telecommunications

Satview Broadband, headquartered in Reno, is the local cable television company. Due to a legal dispute with Jemez Mountains Electric Cooperative, SatviewBroadband has suspended services in Española as of March 2016. The city is served by several satellite TV services and by Windstream Communications for telecom and broadband service. It is also served by a number of radio stations and a handful of FM stations. It has a population of about 2,000 people. It was founded as a Spanish-speaking community in the early 1900s. It became a U.S. state in the late 1950s. In the early 1960s, it became an American state. It received its first post-secondary education in the 1960s. The state's first high school was founded in the mid-1960s and was located in the town of España. It had a population in the 1970s and 1980s of about 1,500 people. The town's first radio station was established in the 1950s and is called the "Epañola Radio Station" It is located on the eastern edge of the city. It also has a radio station, the "Reno Radio Station," which is located near the city's downtown area. It broadcasts a variety of services, including satellite TV, radio, and FM radio. It currently has a network of more than 1,000 transmitters and repeaters, including several satellite transmitters, including the "Satview" satellite satellite service.

Festivals and activities

Española's restaurants and convenience stores are popular with travelers between Santa Fe and northern communities. The local fiestas are held in the summer to commemorate the Spanish colonization and introduction of Christian faith to the area. There are many locations near Españo that provide for outdoor activity such as hiking, biking, and river sports like rafting and kayaking. Nearby winter sports include skiing (downhill and cross-country) and snowboarding. The town is located on the New Mexico Turnpike, which connects Santa Fe with the Rio Grande River and the Santa Fe River. It is located near the town of Santa Fe, which is on the northern tip of New Mexico and the southern tip of the state of Hidalgo. The city's population is about 4,000. It has a population of about 3,000 people, with most of its residents living in the northern part of the town. The area has a history of Spanish colonization, which began in the 16th century. It was the site of the first Spanish settlement in New Mexico, and is now home to about 2,500 people. It also has a long history of white settlement, which dates back to the 17th century, when the Spanish began to colonize the region. The community has a reputation for being friendly and hospitable to travelers and residents. It's also a popular destination for hiking and biking, as well as for river sports such as rafting, kayaking and snowmobiling.

Parks and recreation

The city of Española has a number of parks and recreation facilities. The parks include: Plaza de España, Ranchitos Park, and Valdez Park. The city also has a swimming pool and a veterans' memorial park. It also has several community centers and other facilities for the elderly and the disabled. The town has a population of more than 1.5 million people, according to the 2010 Census. The population of the city was 1.6 million in 2010. The number of residents is 1.7 million. The state has a total population of 1.8 million, with the majority of its residents living in the city of 7,000 people. It is the second largest city in the state, after Los Angeles, with 1.9 million people living in its cities. The community has a history dating back to the 18th century. It was founded by the Spanish-speaking community in the early 1900s. It became the first Spanish-language city in California in the mid-1930s. The current city was founded in the 1940s and has been in existence since the 1950s. In the 1970s, it was the first city to become part of the U.S. state of California. It has been the site of the National Park Service since the 1960s, when it was established in Los Angeles. The area has been home to the city's oldest community, the City of San Diego, since the 1930s. There are also several smaller community parks, such as the Plaza de españa.

Government

The city of Española is run by a mayorcouncil government system under Strong-mayor form. The mayor and eight-member city councilors from their respected districts are elected to a four-year term, elections are constant every two years, with no term limits. Every two years during the organizational meeting, one council member is elected by a majority in the council to serve as mayor protem, usually a member from the party that is in control of the council. TheMayor appoints a city manager who supervises department heads, prepares the budget, and coordinates departments. List of mayors ====*Denotes Resignation* Denotes Mayor who has been in office for less than two years. List. of mayors who have been in power for more than three years: List of Mayor who have served more than two terms and have served at least one term in office. list. of Mayors who have held office more than one term and have been elected for a longer period of time than the mayor who was in office at the time of the last election. list of mayors with more than five years in office: list of Mayor with the most recent election as of July 2013: list.of Mayors with the largest number of years served as mayor: list with the highest number of mayors in office from 2007 to 2013: List with the lowest number of mayor-elects in office is the list with most recent mayor-presidential elections: list for 2011-2013.